{"id":12805,"date":"2026-03-13T07:33:15","date_gmt":"2026-03-13T07:33:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/developer.rdkcentral.com\/documentation\/?page_id=12805"},"modified":"2026-03-13T07:34:41","modified_gmt":"2026-03-13T07:34:41","slug":"dhcp-lease-monitor-system","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/developer.rdkcentral.com\/documentation\/documentation\/rdk_broadband_documentation\/components\/dhcp-client-manager\/dhcp-lease-monitor-system\/","title":{"rendered":"DHCP Lease Monitor System"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The DHCP Lease Monitor is a critical component responsible for receiving lease updates from external DHCP clients and routing them to the appropriate processing handlers. It implements an Inter-Process Communication (IPC) system using nanomsg library to ensure reliable and efficient message passing between DHCP client plugins and the DHCP Manager.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"DHCPLeaseMonitorSystem-Architecture\">Architecture<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The lease monitor operates as a separate thread within the DHCP Manager process and implements a producer-consumer pattern:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510     \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510     \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n\u2502   DHCP Clients      \u2502\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u25ba\u2502  Lease Monitor      \u2502\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u25ba\u2502  Lease Handlers     \u2502\n\u2502                     \u2502     \u2502                     \u2502     \u2502                     \u2502\n\u2502 \u2022 udhcpc (DHCPv4)   \u2502     \u2502 \u2022 IPC Server        \u2502     \u2502 \u2022 DHCPv4 Handler    \u2502\n\u2502 \u2022 dibbler (DHCPv6)  \u2502     \u2502 \u2022 Message Router    \u2502     \u2502 \u2022 DHCPv6 Handler    \u2502\n\u2502 \u2022 Plugin Execution  \u2502     \u2502 \u2022 Quick Processing  \u2502     \u2502 \u2022 TR-181 Updates    \u2502\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518     \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518     \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Key Components<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Files<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Source<\/strong>:&nbsp;<code>source\/DHCPMgrUtils\/dhcp_lease_monitor_thrd.c<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Header<\/strong>:&nbsp;<code>source\/DHCPMgrUtils\/dhcp_lease_monitor_thrd.h<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Core Functions<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DhcpMgr_LeaseMonitor_Start()<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Purpose<\/strong>: Initializes and starts the lease monitor service<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Returns<\/strong>: 0 on success, -1 on failure<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Threading<\/strong>: Creates a new detached thread for monitoring<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>DhcpMgr_LeaseMonitor_Init()<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Purpose<\/strong>: Sets up the IPC socket and binds to the listening address<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Protocol<\/strong>: Uses nanomsg NN_PULL socket for receiving messages<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Address<\/strong>:&nbsp;<code><a href=\"tcp:\/\/127.0.0.1:50324\">tcp:\/\/127.0.0.1:50324<\/a><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>DhcpMgr_LeaseMonitor_Thrd()<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Purpose<\/strong>: Main monitoring loop that processes incoming lease messages<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Behavior<\/strong>: Runs continuously until system shutdown<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Processing<\/strong>: Validates and routes messages based on DHCP version<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Message Protocol<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Message Structure<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">typedef struct {\n    char ifname[BUFLEN_32];          \/\/ Interface name (e.g., \"erouter0\")\n    DHCP_SOURCE version;             \/\/ DHCP_VERSION_4 or DHCP_VERSION_6\n    union {\n        DHCPv4_PLUGIN_MSG dhcpv4;    \/\/ DHCPv4 lease information\n        DHCPv6_PLUGIN_MSG dhcpv6;    \/\/ DHCPv6 lease information\n    } data;\n} PLUGIN_MSG;\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><br>&nbsp;<strong>DHCP Version Enumeration<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">typedef enum {\n    DHCP_VERSION_4,    \/\/ DHCPv4 lease message\n    DHCP_VERSION_6,    \/\/ DHCPv6 lease message\n} DHCP_SOURCE;\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><br>&nbsp;<strong>DHCPv4 Message Format<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The DHCPv4 plugin message contains:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IP address assignment information<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DHCP server details<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lease timing information<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gateway and DNS server data<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Custom DHCP options<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DHCPv6 Message Format<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The DHCPv6 plugin message contains:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IANA (Identity Association for Non-temporary Addresses) information<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IAPD (Identity Association for Prefix Delegation) information<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lease timing parameters<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DNS server configuration<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Custom DHCPv6 options<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><br>IPC Implementation Details<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Transport Protocol<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Library<\/strong>: nanomsg<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pattern<\/strong>: Pipeline (NN_PULL socket)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Address<\/strong>:&nbsp;<code><a href=\"tcp:\/\/127.0.0.1:50324\">tcp:\/\/127.0.0.1:50324<\/a><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Benefits<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Automatic message queuing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Built-in reliability<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Language-agnostic protocol<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Scalable message passing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Message Flow<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Client Plugin<\/strong>: DHCP client executes plugin binary on lease events<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Plugin Execution<\/strong>: Plugin creates nanomsg NN_PUSH socket<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Message Send<\/strong>: Plugin sends PLUGIN_MSG structure to monitor<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Monitor Receive<\/strong>: Lease monitor receives message via NN_PULL socket<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Validation<\/strong>: Monitor validates message size and structure<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Routing<\/strong>: Monitor routes message to appropriate handler based on version<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Processing<\/strong>: Handler processes lease and updates system state<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><br>Error Handling<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The monitor implements robust error handling:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">bytes = nn_recv(ipcListenFd, (PLUGIN_MSG *)&amp;plugin_msg, msg_size, 0);\nif (bytes == msg_size) {\n    \/\/ Valid message - process normally\n} else if (bytes &lt; 0) {\n    DHCPMGR_LOG_ERROR(\"Failed to receive message from IPC\");\n} else {\n    DHCPMGR_LOG_ERROR(\"Message size unexpected\");\n}\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<br>Thread Safety and Concurrency<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Thread Model<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Main Thread<\/strong>: Handles TR-181 operations and client management<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Monitor Thread<\/strong>: Dedicated to IPC message processing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Handler Threads<\/strong>: Process leases asynchronously<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Synchronization<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Lock-free Design<\/strong>: Monitor thread operates independently<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Memory Management<\/strong>: Each message allocates separate memory for handlers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cleanup<\/strong>: Automatic cleanup on thread termination<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Performance Characteristics<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Low Latency<\/strong>: Immediate message processing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>High Throughput<\/strong>: Efficient message queuing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Minimal Blocking<\/strong>: Non-blocking message reception<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Resource Efficient<\/strong>: Single thread handles all interfaces<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Integration Points<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DHCP Client Plugins<br><br>udhcpc Plugin<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Location<\/strong>:&nbsp;<code><strong>source<\/strong>\/DHCPClientUtils\/DHCPv4Client\/dhcpmgr_udhcpc_plugin\/<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Execution<\/strong>: Called by udhcpc on lease events<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Message<\/strong>: Sends DHCPv4_PLUGIN_MSG via IPC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>dibbler Plugin<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Location<\/strong>:&nbsp;<code><strong>source<\/strong>\/DHCPClientUtils\/DHCPv6Client\/dhcpmgr_dibbler_plugin\/<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Execution<\/strong>: Called by dibbler on lease events<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Message<\/strong>: Sends DHCPv6_PLUGIN_MSG via IPC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Lease Handlers<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DHCPv4 Handler<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Function<\/strong>:&nbsp;<code>DHCPMgr_AddDhcpv4Lease()<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Processing<\/strong>: Updates TR-181 model, configures interface<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Location<\/strong>: Controller manages lease processing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"DHCPLeaseMonitorSystem-DHCPv6Handler\">DHCPv6 Handler<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Function<\/strong>:&nbsp;<code>DHCPMgr_AddDhcpv6Lease()<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Processing<\/strong>: Handles IANA\/IAPD, updates model<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Location<\/strong>: Controller manages lease processing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Configuration<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"DHCPLeaseMonitorSystem-SocketConfiguration\">Socket Configuration&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#define DHCP_MANAGER_ADDR \"tcp:\/\/127.0.0.1:50324\"\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Buffer Sizes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#define BUFLEN_32  32   \/\/ Interface name buffer\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Message Size<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">int msg_size = sizeof(PLUGIN_MSG);  \/\/ Fixed message size\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">Monitoring and Debugging<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Log Messages<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The monitor provides detailed logging:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Initialization success\/failure<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Message reception status<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Processing decisions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Error conditions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Debug Information<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Interface name for each lease<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Message size validation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DHCP version identification<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Processing time tracking<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Common Issues<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Socket Binding Failure<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Check if port 50324 is available<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Verify network interface status<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check firewall settings<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Message Size Mismatch<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Verify plugin and monitor use same structures<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check for structure padding issues<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Validate nanomsg library versions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Plugin Execution Failure<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Verify plugin binary permissions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check plugin executable path<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Validate DHCP client configuration<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"DHCPLeaseMonitorSystem-PerformanceOptimization\">Performance Optimization<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Memory Management<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pre-allocated Structures<\/strong>: Use fixed-size message structures<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Immediate Processing<\/strong>: Process messages quickly to avoid queuing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cleanup<\/strong>: Proper memory cleanup in handlers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Network Optimization<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Local IPC<\/strong>: Uses localhost to minimize network overhead<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Binary Protocol<\/strong>: Efficient binary message format<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Minimal Serialization<\/strong>: Direct structure copying<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Threading Optimization<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Dedicated Thread<\/strong>: Separate thread for IPC operations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Non-blocking Operations<\/strong>: Avoid blocking main controller<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Detached Thread<\/strong>: Automatic resource cleanup<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The DHCP Lease Monitor is a critical component responsible for receiving lease updates from external [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":659,"featured_media":0,"parent":12785,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12805","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>DHCP Lease Monitor System - RDK Documentation Portal | Documentation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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